Today 4 years, in other words, 42 months, 195 weeks, and 1396 days ago, the Paris Agreement signed among 195 countries which valued as the most extensive agreement that has ever been signed. The goal of the Paris Agreement was and still is to reduce the earth’s surface temperature and prevent it from coming up above 2 Celsius degrees.
Although this agreement signed by numerous countries, the heat of the earth continues to rise. The reason is that some countries terminated the contract while some states have not fulfilled the necessities of the agreement. While some severe polluters like Russia refused to sign the deal, the USA, which considered one of the biggest polluters of the World withdrawal the agreement for political reasons. Another necessary provision of the Paris Agreement is the carbon dioxide emission rates of the countries. Repeatedly, its main aim is to reduce carbon dioxide as well.
Gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are harmful. As the presence of these toxic gases increases in the atmosphere, the ozone layer continues to rupture rapidly. The ozone layer is responsible for absorbing ultraviolet rays sent by the sun to the earth and the surface. Thanks to this feature of the ozone layer, both the world and the living creatures can live without facing any harm from the sunlight.
Since the effect of the ozone layer is diminishing due to the increase of harmful gases in the atmosphere, the temperature of the planet is increasing as well. It triggers climates to change and natural disasters to occur more frequently, which creates much more serious problems for the living creatures.
“Every year, natural disasters kill around 90 000 people and affect close to 160 million people worldwide. Natural disasters include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, hurricanes, floods, wildfires, heat waves, and droughts. They have an immediate impact on human lives and often result in the destruction of the physical, biological and social environment of the affected people, thereby having a longer-term impact on their health, well-being, and survival.” according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Even though the health sector is developing with the improvement of technology, still not enough to avoid natural disasters to occur and lots of people to die.
Four years have passed since the Paris Agreement was signed and the danger bells have begun to ring again for our planet. Plus, to end of the Paris Agreement 10 years remain. For this reason, the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres announced that there would be a UN Climate Action Summit 2019 in New York on the 23rd of October. This summit is going to be crucial because, by 2020, there will only be ten years remain for the target year of the Paris Agreement, which is determined as 2030.
The less time left, the more dangerous the situation of the countries involved in the project will be. For this reason, to prepare the future decade’s facilities, it is crucial to acknowledge, to what extent countries have reduced their carbon dioxide emission targets and do they have behaved in parallel with the plans they have previously reported?
Consequently, to visualize the future of our planet, to plan what to do in the energy sector, to search for the mistakes that have done in last five years, to find crucial answers to some essential questions and to compromise, the UN Climate Action Summit is going to be vital.
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